From psimpson@isd.3com.com Fri Mar 28 09:42:42 1997 Received: from ISD.3Com.com (chipcom.com [192.41.247.9]) by oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu (8.7.6/8.7.1) with SMTP id JAA01243 for ; Fri, 28 Mar 1997 09:42:40 -0500 (EST) X-Received-x: from ISD.3Com.com (chipcom.com [192.41.247.9]) by oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu (8.7.6/8.7.1) with SMTP id JAA01243 for ; Fri, 28 Mar 1997 09:42:40 -0500 (EST) From: psimpson@isd.3com.com Received: from pheasant.chipcom.com (pheasant.isd.3com.com) by ISD.3Com.com (4.1/SMI-4.0) id AA07913; Fri, 28 Mar 97 09:41:18 EST Received: by pheasant.chipcom.com (4.1/SMI-4.1) id AA24021; Fri, 28 Mar 97 09:42:28 EST Date: Fri, 28 Mar 97 09:42:28 EST Message-Id: <9703281442.AA24021@pheasant.chipcom.com> To: wmcfadde@oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu Status: RO THE DOCUMENT TO WHICH this introduction refers was extracted from a fairly old copy of the Allied Communications Publication 131(B) amended to Change No 1, which, if I remember correctly merely changed all references to Kc/s and Mc/s (remember them?) to kHz and MHz. Without quoting the introduction to the ACP131(B) it will be obvious that the meanings of these signals are much more formal than the abbreviated meanings of the same signals as adapted and used by amateurs. My reason for "publishing" these meanings is partly nostalgic and partly for the unintentional humour some of them seem to engender, for me at least. Who can resist a smile at QAK, QAM, QAZ, QCS and QCY. QAU could also be employed quite effectively by amateurs without any modification in certain delicate situations. i.e. QRX5 QAU. I doubt if any of the Aeronautical signals are used anywhere today, but I assume the meanings still stand. If anyone has available any meanings for those marked -unassigned- I would like to hear from them. Reports of errors or omissions will be not be resented. I would also like to hear from anyone who has a full and authentic listing of the Cable & Wireless Z-code which had such gems as ZNN...End of Work; ZAN...Can hear absolutely nothing; ZMO...Wait a mo' etc. If I have time, I may compile a list of the Allied Z-code, although it would probably only be of passing interest. (Even though ZBM2 could perhaps be used to inflict some pain in certain circumstances). The documents are all in plain ASCII text, each page being 65 lines in length and restricted to 75 columns maximum. Each page number is followed by a formfeed (ASCII decimal 12). E&OE of course. 73 de Jim, G4RGA Packet: GB7TJF.#45.GBR.EU E-Mail: jayemd@cix.compulink.co.uk 10 September 1995 P.S. ZBM - Place...on watch on this frequency: 1) a qualified speed-key operator. 2) a competent operator. Question: Answer, Advice or Order: QAA -unassigned- QAB May I have clearance (for...) You are cleared (or...is cleared) from...(place and/or control) by...from...(place and/or control) at...(figures & units) height to...(place and/or control) at... above...(datum)? (figures & units) height above... (datum) QAC -unassigned- QAD -unassigned- QAE -unassigned- QAF Will you advise me when you I am (was) at (over)...(place) are (were) at (over)... (at...hours) (at...(figures (place)? units)) height above...(datum) QAG Arrange your flight in order to arrive over...(place) at...hours. or I am arranging my flight in order to arrive over...(place) at ...hours QAH What is your height above... I am at...(figures & units) height (datum)? above datum. Note: An aircraft is permitted to reply to QAH IMI by using any of the answer forms of signals QBF, QBG, QBH, QBK, QBN or QBP. In such cases the signal QAH is omitted from the reply. or Arrange your flight so as to reach... (figures & units) height above...(datum) at...(hours or place). QAI What is the essential traffic? The essential traffic is... Note: Relates to aircraft and Note: Relates to aircraft and not not communications traffic. communications traffic. QAJ -unassigned- QAK Is there any risk of collision? There is risk of collision. Note: This signal should be followed by appropriate Q signals or ICAO approved abbreviations giving instructions for avoiding collision. QAL Are you going to land at... I am going to land at...(place). (place)? or or Has aircraft landed at... You may land at...(place). (place)? or (See also signal QTP). Aircraft...landed at...(place). (See also signal QTP) QAM What is the latest available Meteorological observation made meteorological observation at...hours was as follows... for...(place)? Note: The information may be given in Q-code form or the AERO form of the International Meteorological Figure Code. When in Q-code, the information is to be given in the following sequence of Q-signal answer (or advice) forms: QAN, QBA, QNY, QBB, QNH and/or QFE and, if necessary QMU, QNT, QBJ. It is not normally necessary to precede the QAN, QBA, QNY and QBB information by these Q-signals but this may be done if considered desirable. When in the AERO form of International Meteorological Figure Code, the abbreviation AERO is to precede the information. QAN What is the surface wind The surface wind direction & speed direction & speed at... at...(place) at...hours is...(dir- (place)? ection)...(speed figures & units). Note: Unless otherwise indicated in the question, answer (or advice), surface wind direction is given in degrees relative to MAGNETIC North. QAO What is the wind direction in The wind direction & speed at... degrees TRUE and speed at... (position or zone/s) at the follow- (position or zone/s) at each ing heights above...(datum) is: of the...(figures)...(units) ...(vertical distance in figures & levels above...(datum)? units)...degrees TRUE...(speed in figures and units). QAP Shall I listen for you (or Listen for me (or for...) on...kHz for...) on ...kHz (or... (...MHz). MHz)? Note: If the frequency is given in Note: If the frequency is MHz, the abbreviation "MHz" is to given in MHz, the abbreviation be used. "MHz" is to be used. (See also signal QSX). (See also signal QSX). QAQ Am I near a prohibited area You are... (or...prohibited area)? 1) near 2) flying over a prohibited area (or...prohibited area). QAR May I stop listening on the You may stop listening on the watch watch frequency for... minutes? frequency for...minutes. QAS -unassigned- QAT -unassigned- QAU I am about to jettison fuel. QAV Are you able to home on I am homing on my DF equipment your DF equipment? on...station. QAW I am about to carry out overshoot procedure. QAX -unassigned- QAY Will you advise me when you I passed...(place) bearing...degrees pass (passed)...(place) relative to my heading at...hours. bearing 090 (270) degrees relative to your heading? QAZ Are you experiencing comm- I am experiencing communication unication difficulties difficulties through flying in a through flying in a storm? storm. Note: attention is invited to the possible supplementary use of signals QAR, QBE, QCS, QRM, QRN, QRX QSZ or the signal CL to amplify the meaning associated with signal QAZ. QBA What is the horizontal visib- The horizontal visibility at... ility at...(place)? (place) at...hours is...(distance figures & units). QBB What is the amount, type and The amount, type and height above height above official aero- official aerodrome elevation of the drom elevation of the base base of the cloud at...(place) at... of the cloud (at...(place))? hours is: ...eighths [oktas] (...type) at...(figures & units)* height above official aerodrome elevation. *Note: The cloud amount, type (if reported) and vertical distance information is reported in sequence if several cloud layers are present, the order of reporting being from low to high levels in accordance with the following specifications: a) the lowest individual layer of any amount; b) the next higher individual layer the amount of which is three-eighths [3 oktas] (to the nearest eighth [okta]); c) the next higher individual layer the amount of which is five-eighths [5 oktas] or more (to the nearest eighth [okta]). Example: = QBB CYUL 1300 2 300 FT 3 1500 FT 6 9000 FT = QBC Report meteorological The meteorological conditions conditions as observed as observed from my aircraft from your aircraft at...(position or zone) at ... (at...(position or zone)) hours at ...(figures and units) (at...hours). height above...datum) are ... Note: - The information may be given in the AIREP, POMAR or Q Code form. When given in Q Code, the following sequence of Q signal answer (or advice) forms is used: QMX, QNY, QAO, QDF, QMI, QFT and QNI. QBD How much fuel have you Fuel remaining is ...(hours remaining (expressed as and/or minutes of consumption). hours and/or minutes of consumption)? QBE I am about to wind in my aerial. QBF Are you flying in cloud? I am flying in cloud at ... (figures and units) height above ...(datum) (and I am ascending (descending) to ... (figures and units) height above that datum). QBG Are you flying above cloud? I am flying above cloud and at ... (figures and units) height above ...(datum). or Maintain a vertical distance of ...(figures and units) above cloud, smoke, haze or fog levels. QBH Are you flying below cloud? I am flying below cloud and at ... (figures and units) height above ...(datum). or Maintain a vertical distance of ...(figures and units) below cloud. QBI Is flight under IFR Flight under IFR is compulsory compulsory at... at...(place) (or from...to... (place) (or from... (place)). to...(place)). QBJ What is the amount, type At...hours at...(position or zone) and height above...(datum) the top of the cloud is: ...(datum) of the top of the amount...eighths) (...type) at... cloud (at ...(position or (figures and units) height zone))? above...(datum). QBK Are you flying with no cloud I am flying with no cloud in your vicinity? in my vicinity and at ... (figures and units) height above ...(datum). QBM Has...sent any message for me? Here is the message sent by... at ... hours. QBN Are you flying between two I am flying between two layers layers of cloud? of cloud and at ...(figures and units) height above...(datum). QBO What is the nearest Flying under VFR is permissible aerodrome at which flight at...(place) which would be suitable under VFR is permissible and for your landing. which would be suitable for my landing? QBP Are you flying in and out of I am flying in and out of cloud cloud? and at ...(figures and units) height above...(datum). QBQ -unassigned- QBR -unassigned- QBS Ascend or descend to...(figures and units) height above...(datum) before encountering instrument meteorological conditions or if visibility falls beow...(figures and units of distance) and advise. QBT How far, along the runway, At...hours, the observer at the from the approach end, can threshold of runway number...could the observer at the runway see the runway lights in operatation threshold see the runway for your landing (at...(place)) for lights which will be in a distance of...(figures & units) operation for my landing from the approach end. (at...(place))? Note: If the station enquired of is not equipped to make the special observation requested, the reply to QBT IMI is given by the signal QNO. QBU -unassigned- QBV Have you reached the... I have reached the...(figures & (figures & units) height units) height above...(datum) (or above...(datum) (or... ...(area or place)). (area or place))? or Report reaching the... (figures & units) height above...(datum) (or (area or place)). QBW -unassigned- QBX Have you left the...(figures I have left the...(figures & units) & units) height above... height above...(datum) (or...(area (datum) (or...(area or place))? or place)). or Report leaving the...(figures & units) height above...(datum) (or (area or place)). QBY -unassigned- QBZ Report your flying conditions The reply to QBZ IMI is given by the in relation to clouds. appropriate answer form of signals QBF, QBG, QBH, QBK, QBN and QBP. QCA May I change from...(figures You may change from...(figures & & units) to...(figures & units) height above...(datum). units) height above...(datum)? or I am changing from...(figures & units) to...(figures & units) height above...(datum) QCB Delay is being caused by... 1) your transmitting out of turn. 2) your slowness in answering 3) lack of your reply to my... QCC -unassigned- QCD -unassigned- QCE When may I expect approach Expect approach clearance at...hours clearance? or No delay expected. QCF Delay indefinite. Expect approach clearance not later than...hours. QCG -unassigned- QCH May I taxi to...(place)? Cleared to taxi to...(place). (The place is given in plain language). QCI Make a 360-degree turn immediately (turning to the...). or I am making a 360-degree turn immediately (turning to the...). QCJ -unassigned- QCK -unassigned- QCL -unassigned- QCM -unassigned- QCN -unassigned- QCO -unassigned- QCP -unassigned- QCQ -unassigned- QCR -unassigned- QCS My reception on...frequency has broken down. QCT -unassigned- QCU -unassigned- QCV -unassigned- QCW -unassigned- QCX What is your full callsign? My full callsign is... or Use your full callsign until further notice. QCY I am working on trailing aerial. or Work on trailing aerial. QCZ -unassigned- QDA -unassigned- QDB Have you sent message... I have sent message...to... to... QDC -unassigned- QDD -unassigned- QDE -unassigned- QDF What is your D-Value My D-Value at...(position) at... at...(position)? (figures & units) height above the 1013.2 millibars datum is... (D-Value figures & units)...* (specify plus or minus) or or What is the D-value at The D-Value at...(place or position) ...(place or position) at...hours for the ...millibar (at...hours) for the... level is...(D-value figures and millibar level? units)...* (specify plus or minus). *Note: When the true altitude (radio altitude) is greater than the pressure altitude PS (plus) is used and when it is less MS (minus) is used. QDG -unassigned- QDH -unassigned- QDI -unassigned- QDJ -unassigned- QDK -unassigned- QDL Do you intend to ask me for I intend to ask you for a series of a series of bearings? bearings. QDM Will you indicate the The MAGNETIC heading for you to MAGNETIC heading for me to steer to reach me (or...) with no steer towards you (or...) wind was...degrees (at...hours). with no wind? QDN -unassigned- QDO -unassigned- QDP Will you accept control I will accept control (or respon- (or responsibility) of sibility) of (for)...now (or at ... now (or at ...hours)? ...hours). QDQ -unassigned- QDR What is my MAGNETIC bearing Your MAGNETIC bearing from me from you (or from...)? (or from...) was...degrees (at... hours). QDS -unassigned- QDT Are you flying in Visual I am flying in Visual Meteorological Meteorological Conditions Conditions (VMC). (VMC)? or Fly at all times in Visual Meteor- ological Conditions (VMC). QDU Cancel my IFR flight plan. QDV Are you flying in a horizontal I am flying in a horizontal visibil- visibility of less than... ity of less than...(figures & units) (figures & units)? at...(figures & units) height above ...(datum). QDW -unassigned- QDX -unassigned- QDY -unassigned- QDZ -unassigned- QEA May I cross the runway You may cross the runway ahead ahead of me? of you. QEB May I turn at the intersection? Taxi as follows at the intersection: (straight ahead DRT turn left LEFT turn right RITE). QEC May I make a 180-degree turn You may make a 180-degree turn and and return down the runway? return down the runway. QED Shall I follow the pilot Follow the pilot vehicle. vehicle? QEE -unassigned- QEF Have I reached my parking area? You have reached your parking area. or or Have you reached your parking I have reached my parking area. area? QEG May I leave the parking area? You may leave the parking area. or or Have you left the parking area? I have left the parking area. QEH May I move to the holding Cleared to the holding position for position for runway number...? runway number... or or Have you moved to the holding I have moved to the holding position position for runway number...? for runway number... QEI -unassigned- QEJ May I assume position for Cleared to hold at take-off position take-off? for runway number... or or Have you assumed position I am assuming take-off position for for take-off? runway number...and am holding. QEK Are you ready for immediate I am ready for immediate take-off. take-off? QEL May I take-off (and make You are cleared to take-off (turn as a...hand turn after take- follows after take-off...). off)? QEM What is the condition of the The condition of the landing surface landing surface at...(place)? at...(place) is... Note: the information is given by sending appropriate NOTAM Code groups. QEN Shall I hold my position? Hold your position. QEO Shall I clear the runway (or Clear the runway (or landing area). landing area)? or or Have you cleared the runway I have cleared the runway (or (or landing area)? landing area). QEP -unassigned- QEQ -unassigned- QER -unassigned- QES Is a right-hand circuit in A right-hand circuit is in force force at...(place)? at...(place). QET -unassigned- QEU -unassigned- QEV -unassigned- QEW -unassigned- QEX -unassigned- QEY -unassigned- QEZ -unassigned- QFA What is the meteorological The meteorological forecast for... forecast for...(flight, (flight, route, section of route or route, section of route or zone) for the period...hours until zone) for the period...hours ...hours is... until...hours? Note: When the forecast is given in Q Code the following sequence of Q signal answer (or advice) forms is to be given: QAO, QMX, QMI, QNY, QBA, QMW, QFT and QNI. QFB The... 1) approach 2) runway 3) approach & runway lights are out of order. QFC What is the amount, the type At...(place, position or zone) the and height above...(datum) of base of the cloud is...eighths the base of the cloud at... [oktas]...type at...(figures & (place, position or zone)? units) height above...(datum). Note: if several cloud layers or masses are present, the lowest is reported first. QFD 1) Is the...visual beacon (at 1) The...visual beacon (at... ...(place) in operation? (place))is in operation. 2) Will you switch on the... 2) I will extinguish the aerodrome visual beacon (at...(place))? beacon (at...(place)) until your 3) Will you extinguish the landing is completed. aerodrome visual beacon (at ...(place)) until I have landed? QFE (At...(place)) what is the At...(place) the atmospheric present atmospheric pressure pressure at official aerodrome at official aerodrome elevation? elevation is (or was observed at ...hours to be)...millibars. QFF (At...(place)) what is the At...(place) the atmospheric present atmospheric pressure pressure converted to mean sea converted to mean sea level level in accordance with metero- in accordance with meteor- ological practice is (or was ological practice? determined at...hours to be) ...millibars. QFG Am I overhead? You are overhead. QFH May I descend below the clouds? You may descend below the clouds. QFI Are the aerodrome lights lit? The aerodrome lights are lit. or Please light the aerodrome lights. QFJ -unassigned- QFK -unassigned- QFL Will you send up pyrotechnical I will send up pyrotechnical lights. lights? QFM What height above...(datum) ... ... 1) Maintain (or fly at)...(figures 1) should I maintain? & units) height above...(datum). 2) are you maintaining? 2) I am maintaining...(figures & 3) do you intend cruising units) height above...(datum). at? 3) I intend cruising at...(figures & units) height above...(datum). QFN -unassigned- QFO May I land immediately? You may land immediately. QFP Will you give me the latest The latest information concerning... information concerning... facility (at...place)) is as facility (at...(place))? follows... Note: The information is given by sending appropriate NOTAM Code groups. QFQ Are the approach and runway The approach and runway lights lights lit? are lit. or Please light the approach and runway lights. QFR Does my landing gear appear Your landing gear appears damaged. damaged? QFS Is the radio facility at... The...radio facility at...(place) (place) in operation? is in operation (or will be in operation in...hours). or Please have the...radio facility at...(place) put in operation. QFT Between what heights above Ice formation has been observed ...(datum) has ice formation at...(position or zone) in the type been observed (at...(position of...and with an accretion rate of or zone))? ...between...(figures & units) and ...(figures & units) heights above ...(datum). QFU What is the magnetic direction The magnetic direction (or number) (or number) of the runway to of the runway to be used is... be used? Note: The runway number is indicated by a two-figure group and the magnetic direction by a three-figure group. QFV Are the floodlights switched on? The floodlights are switched on. or Please switch on the floodlights. QFW What is the length of the runway The length of runway...now in use in use in...(units)? is...(figures & units). QFX I am working (or am going to work) on a fixed aerial. or Work on a fixed aerial. QFY Please report the present The present meteorological landing meteorological landing conditions at...(place) are... conditions (at...(place)). Note: When given in Q Code the information is sent in the following sequence: QAN, QBA, QNY, QBB, QNH and/or QFE and, if necessary, QMU QNT, QBJ. It is not normally necessary to precede the QAN, QBA, QNY and QBB information by these Q signals but this may be done if considered desirable. QFZ What is the aerodrome meteor- The aerodrome meteorological fore- ological forecast for...(place) cast for...(place) for the period for the period...hours until ...hours until...hours is... ...hours? Note: When given in Q Code the following sequence of Q signal answer (or advice) forms is to be used: QAN, QBA, QNY, QBB and, if necessary, QMU, QNT and QBJ. QGA -unassigned- QGB -unassigned- QGC There are obstructions to the... of runway... QGD Are there on my track any There are obstructions on your track obstructions whose elevation ...(figures & units) height above... equals or exceeds my (datum). altitude? QGE What is my distance to Your distance to my station (or your station (or to...)? to...) is...(distance figures & units). Note: This signal is normally used in conjuction with one of the signals QDM, QDR, QTE or QUJ. QGF -unassigned- QGG -unassigned- QGH May I land using... You may land using...(procedure or (procedure or facility)? facility). QGI -unassigned- QGJ -unassigned- QGK What track should I make good? Make good a track from...(place) on...degrees...(true or magnetic). or or What track are you making good? I am making good a track from... (place) on...degrees... (true or magnetic). QGL May I enter the... (control You may enter the...(control area area or zone) at...(place)? or zone) at...(place). QGM Leave the...(control area or zone). QGN May I be cleared to land You are cleared to land at...(place). at...(place). QGO Landing is prohibited at...(place). QGP What is my number for landing? You are number...to land. QGQ May I hold at...(place)? Hold at...(place) at...(figures & units) height above...(datum) and await orders. QGR -unassigned- QGS -unassigned- QGT Fly for...minutes on a heading that will enable you to maintain a track reciprocal to your present one. QGU Fly for...minutes on a magnetic heading of...degrees. QGV Do you see me? I see you at...(cardinal or quad- or rantal point of direction). Can you see the aerodrome? or or I can see the aerodrome. Can you see...(aircraft)? or I see...(aircraft). QGW Does my landing gear appear Your landing gear appears to be down to be down and in place? and in place. QGX -unassigned- QGY -unassigned- QGZ Hold on...direction of...facility. QHA -unassigned- QHB -unassigned- QHC -unassigned- QHD -unassigned- QHE Will you inform me when you I am on... you are on...leg of approach? 1) cross-wind leg) 2) down-wind leg ) 3) base leg ) of approach. 4) final leg ) QHF -unassigned- QHG May I enter traffic circuit Cleared to enter traffic circuit at...(figures & units) height at...(figures & units) height above...(datum)? above...(datum). QHH Are you making an emergency I am making an emergency landing. landing? or Emergency landing being made at... (place). All aircraft below... (figures & units) height above... (datum) and within a distance of ...(figures & units) leave... (place or headings). QHI Are you (or is...)... I am (or...is)... 1) waterborne? 1) waterborne ) at...hours. 2) on land? 2) on land ) QHJ -unassigned- QHK -unassigned- QHL -unassigned- QHM -unassigned- QHN -unassigned- QHO -unassigned- QHP -unassigned- QHQ May I make a...approach You may make a...approach (at... at...(place))? (place)). or or Are you making a...approach? I am making a...approach. QHR -unassigned- QHS -unassigned- QHT -unassigned- QHU -unassigned- QHV -unassigned- QHW -unassigned- QHX -unassigned- QHY -unassigned- QHZ Shall I circle the aerodrome Circle the aerodrome (or go around). (or go around)? QIA -unassigned- QIB -unassigned- QIC May I establish communication Establish communication with... with...radio station on...kHz, radio station on...kHz (or...MHz) (or...MHz) now (or at...hours)? now (or at...hours). QID -unassigned- QIE -unassigned- QIF What frequency is...using? ...is using...kHz. (or...MHz). QIG -unassigned- QIH -unassigned- QII -unassigned- QIJ -unassigned- QIK -unassigned- QIL -unassigned- QIM -unassigned- QIN -unassigned- QIO -unassigned- QIP -unassigned- QIQ -unassigned- QIR -unassigned- QIS -unassigned- QIT -unassigned- QIU -unassigned- QIV -unassigned- QIW -unassigned- QIX -unassigned- QIY -unassigned- QIZ -unassigned- QJA Is my... Your... 1) tape ) reversed? 1) tape ) is 2) mark & space ) 2) mark & space ) reversed. QJB Will you use... I will use... 1) radio? 1) radio. 2) cable? 2) cable. 3) telegraph? 3) telegraph. 4) teletypwriter? 4) teletypwriter. 5) telephone? 5) telephone. 6) receiver? 6) receiver. 7) transmitter? 7) transmitter. 8) reperforator? 8) reperforator. QJC Will you check your... I will check my... 1) transmitter- 1) transmitter- distributor? distributor. 2) auto-head? 2) auto-head. 3) perforator? 3) perforator. 4) reperforator? 4) reperforator. 5) printer? 5) printer. 6) printer motor? 6) printer motor. 7) keyboard? 7) keyboard. 8) antenna system? 8) andtenna system. QJD Am I transmitting... You are transmitting... 1) in letters? 1) in letters. 2) in figures? 2) in figures. QJE Is my frequency shift... Your frequency shift is... 1) too wide? 1) too wide. 2) too narrow? 2) too narrow. 3) correct? 3) correct. QJF My signal as checked by monitor... is satisfactory... 1) locally. 2) as radiated. QJG Shall I revert to automatic Revert to automatic relay. relay? QJH Shall I run... Run... 1) my test tape? 1) your test tape. 2) a test sentence? 2) a test sentence. QJI Will you transmit a Transmit a continuous... continuous... 1) mark? 1) mark. 2) space? 2) space. QJJ -unassigned- QJK Are you receiving... I am receiving... 1) a continuous mark? 1) a continuous mark. 2) a continuous space? 2) a continuous space. 3) a mark bias? 3) a mark bias. 4) a space bias? 4) a space bias. QJL -unassigned- QJM -unassigned- QJN -unassigned- QJO -unassigned- QJP -unassigned- QJQ -unassigned- QJR -unassigned- QJS -unassigned- QJT -unassigned- QJU -unassigned- QJV -unassigned- QJW -unassigned- QJX -unassigned- QJY -unassigned- QJZ -unassigned- QKA I have effected rescue and am proceeding to...base (with... persons requiring ambulance). QKB -unassigned- QKC The sea conditions (at...position) ... 1) permit alighting but not take-off. 2) render alighting extremely hazardous. QKD -unassigned- QKE -unassigned- QKF May I be relieved (at.. You may expect to be relieved at... hours)? hours (by...1) aircraft...(ident- ification) (type...). 2) vessel whose callsign is...(callsign) (and/or whose name (is...name)). QKG Will relief take place when... Relief will take place when... (identification) establishes... (identification) establishes... 1) visual, 1) visual, 2) communciations, contact 2) communcications, contact with with survivors? survivors. QKH Report details of the parallel sweep (track search being (or to be) conducted? or In the parallel sweep (track The parallel sweep (track) search is search being (or to be) cond- being (or is to be) conducted... ucted, what is (are)... 1) the direction of 1) with direction of sweeps... sweeps? degrees...(true or magnetic). 2) the separation between 2) with...(distance figures & sweeps? units) separation between 3) the height above the sweeps. datum, employed in the 3) at a height of...(figures & search pattern? units) above...(datum). QKI -unassigned- QKJ -unassigned- QKK -unassigned- QKL -unassigned- QKM Has locationof the survival The location of the survival craft been marked? craft was marked at...hours by: 1) flame or smoke float. 2) sea marker. 3) sea marker dye. 4) ...(specify other marking). QKN Aircraft plotted (believed to be you) in position...on track... degrees at...hours. QKO What other units are (or will In the operation (...(identification be) taking part in the oper- )), the following units are (or will ation (...(identification of be) taking part...(name of units). operation))? or ...(name) unit is taking part in operation (...(identification)) (with effect from...hours). QKP Which pattern of search is The search pattern is... being followed? 1) parallel sweep. 2) square search. 3) creeping line ahead. 4) track crawl. 5) contour search. 6) combined search by aircraft and ship. 7) ...(specify). QKQ -unassigned- QKR -unassigned- QKS -unassigned- QKT -unassigned- QKU -unassigned- QKV -unassigned- QKW What has the rescue vessel ...(identification) has recovered: or rescue aircraft recoverd? 1) (...(number)) survivors. 2) wreckage. 3) (...(number)) bodies. QKX -unassigned- QKY Are you in the search area I am in the (...(designation)) (designated as...(desig- search area. nator or latitude/longitude))? QKZ What is the estimated drift The estimated drift of the survival of the survival craft? craft is...(figures and units). QLA -unassigned- QLB Will you monitor...station I have monitored...station and and report regarding range, report (briefly) as follows... quality, etc? QLC -unassigned- QLD -unassigned- QLE -unassigned- QLF -unassigned- QLG -unassigned- QLH Will you use simultaneous I will now key simultaneously on... keying on...frequency and frequency and...frequency. ...frequency? QLI -unassigned- QLJ -unassigned- QLK -unassigned- QLL -unassigned- QLM -unassigned- QLN -unassigned- QLO -unassigned- QLP -unassigned- QLQ -unassigned- QLR -unassigned- QLS -unassigned- QLT -unassigned- QLU -unassigned- QLV Is the...radio facility The...radio facility is still still required? required. QLW -unassigned- QLX -unassigned- QLY -unassigned- QLZ -unassigned- QMA -unassigned- QMB -unassigned- QMC -unassigned- QMD -unassigned- QME -unassigned- QMF -unassigned- QMG -unassigned- QMH Shift to transmit and receive on...kHz (or MHz); if communication is not established within 5 minutes, revert to present frequency. QMI Report the vertical distrib- The vertical distribution of cloud ution of cloud (at...(posit- as observed from my aircraft at... ion or zone)) as observed hours at...(position or zone) is: from your aircraft. lowest layer observed *...(eighths [oktas] (...type) with base of... (figures & units) and tops of... (figures & units). *(and similarly in sequence for each of the layers observed.) height above...(datum). Example: = QMI 1400 11 2 CU 1000 FT 2500 FT 6 SC 6000 FT 10000 FT 5 AC 13000 FT 14000 FT MER = QMJ -unassigned- QMK -unassigned- QML -unassigned- QMM -unassigned- QMN -unassigned- QMO -unassigned- QMP -unassigned- QMQ -unassigned- QMR -unassigned- QMS -unassigned- QMT -unassigned- QMU What is the surface temperature The surface temperature at...(place) at...(place) and what is the at...hours is...degrees and the dew dew point temperature at that? point temperature at that time and place is...degrees. QMV -unassigned- QMW At...(position or zone) what At...(position or zone) the zero is (are) the height(s) above celsius isotherm(s) is (are) at... ...(datum) of the zero celsius (figures & units) height above... isotherm(s)? (datum). QMX What is the air temperature At...(position or zone) at...hours (at...(position or zone)) the air temperature is...(degrees (at...hours) at the... and units) at...(figures & units) (figures & units) height height above...(datum). above...(datum)? Note: Aircraft reporting QMX inform- ation will transmit the temperature figures as corrected for airspeed. QMY -unassigned- QMZ Have you any amendments to The following amendment(s) should be the flight forecast in respect made to the flight forecast... of section of route yet to be (If no amendments, signal QMZ NIL). traversed? QNA -unassigned- QNB -unassigned- QNC -unassigned- QND -unassigned- QNE What indication will my On landing at...(place) at...hours altimeter give on landing with your sub-scale being set to at...(place) at...hours, my 1013.2 millibars (29.92 inches), sub-scale being set to 1013.2 your altimeter will indicate... millibars (29.92 inches)? (figures & units). QNF -unassigned- QNG -unassigned- QNH What should I set on the sub- If you set the sub-scale of your scale of my altimeter so that altimeter to read...millibars (or the instrument would indicate hundredths of an inch *), the my elevation if I were on the instrument would indicate your ground at your station? elevation if you were on the ground at my station at...hours. * Note: When the setting is given in hundredths of an inch the abbrev- iation "INS" is used to identify the units. QNI Between what heights above... Turbulence has been observed at... (datum) has turbulence been (position or zone) with an intensity observed at... (position or of...between...(figures & units) zone)? and...(figures & units) heights above...(datum). QNJ -unassigned- QNK -unassigned- QNL -unassigned- QNM -unassigned- QNN -unassigned- QNO I am not equipped to give the information (or provide the facility) requested. QNP -unassigned- QNQ -unassigned- QNR I am approaching my point of no return. QNS -unassigned- QNT What is the maximum gust speed The maximum gust speed of the of the surface wind at... surface wind at...(place) at... (place)? hours is...(speed figures & units). QNU -unassigned- QNV -unassigned- QNW -unassigned- QNX -unassigned- QNY What is the present weather The present weather and intensity and the intensity thereof thereof at...(place, position or at...(place, position or zone) at...hours is... (See Notes zone)? a) and b)). Notes: a) When present weather information is transmitted by a ground station, the information shall be selected from the present weather table (Table III) in PANSMET (Doc 7605- MET/526). If none of these condit- ions prevail the reply shall be QNY NIL. b) When present weather information is transmitted by an aircraft, the information shall be selected from item 11, AIREP. If none of these conditions prevail the reply shall be QNY NIL or alternatively the appropriate answer (or advice) form of signals QBF, QBG, QBH, QBK, QBN or QBP. The alternative may also be given in addition to present weather conditions when one or more of the conditions listed in Item 11 prevail. QNZ -unassigned- QOA to QQZ The series QOA to QQZ inclusive is reserved for the Maritime Services; however, no meanings have been assigned to date. QRA What is the name of your The name of my station is... station? QRB How far approximately are The approximate distance between our you from my station? stations is...nautical miles (or... kilometres). QRC By what private enterprise (or The accounts for charges of my State administration) are are settled by the private accounts for charges for your enterprise...(or State admin- station settled? istration). QRD Where are you bound and where I am bound for...from... are you from? QRE What is your estimated time of My estimated time of arrival at... arrival at...(or over...) (or over...) (place) is...hours. (place)? QRF Are you returning to...(place)? I am returning to...(place). or Return to...(place). QRG Will you tell me my exact Your exact frequency (or that of...) frequency (or that of...)? is...kHz (or MHz). QRH Does my frequency vary? Your frequency varies. QRI How is the tone of my The tone of your transmission is: transmission? 1) good. 2) variable. 3) bad. QRJ How many radiotelephone calls I have...radiotelephone calls to have you to book? book. QRK What is the intelligibility of The intelligibility of your signals my signals (or those of...)? (or those of...) is... 1) bad. 2) poor. 3) fair. 4) good. 5) excellent. QRL Are you busy? I am busy (or I am busy with...) Please do not interfere. QRM Are you being interfered with? I am being interfered with (1. nil 2. slightly 3. moderately 4. severely 5. extremely). QRN Are you troubled by static? I am troubled by static (1. nil 2. slightly 3. moderately 4. severely 5. extremely). QRO Shall I increase transmitter Increase transmitter power. power? QRP Shall I decrease transmitter Decrease transmitter power. power? QRQ Shall I send faster? Send faster (...words per minute). QRR Are you ready for automatic I am ready for automatic operation. operation? Send at...words per minute. QRS Shall I send more slowly? Send more slowly (...words per minute). QRT Shall I stop sending? Stop sending. QRU Have you anything for me? I have nothing for you. QRV Are you ready? I am ready. QRW Shall I inform...that you Please inform...that I am calling are calling him on...kHz him on...kHz (or MHz). (or MHz)? QRX When will you call me again? I will call you again at...hours (on...kHz (or MHz)). Must Wait. (or Wait until I have finished I wait? communicating with ...) QRY What is my turn? Your turn is number...(or according (Relates to communication). to any other indication). (Relates to communication). QRZ Who is calling me? You are being called by...(on...kHz or MHz)). QSA What is the strength of my The strength of your signals (or signals (or those of...)? those of...) is... 1) scarcely perceptible. 2) weak. 3) fairly good. 4) good. 5) very good. QSB Are my signals fading? Your signals are fading. QSC Are you a cargo vessel? I am a cargo vessel. QSD Is my keying defective? Your keying is defective. QSE What is the estimated drift The estimated drift of the survival of the survival craft? craft is...(figures & units). QSF Have you effected rescue? I have effected rescue and am proceeding to...base (with... persons injured requiring ambulance). QSG Shall I send...telegrams at Send...telegrams at a time. a time? QSH Are you able to home on your I am able to home on my D/F D/F equipment? equipment (on station...). QSI Will you inform ... (callsign) I have been unable to break in on that I have been unable to your transmission break in on his transmission (on...kHz (or MHz)? QSJ What is the charge to be The charge to be collected to... collected to...including including my internal telegraph your internal telegraph charge is ...francs. charge? QSK Can you hear me between your I can hear you between my signals; your signals and if so can I break in on my transmission. break in on your transmission? QSL Can you acknowledge receipt? I am acknowledging receipt. QSM Shall I repeat the last telegram Repeat the last telegram which you telegram which I sent to you (or sent me (or telegram(s) number(s)...) previous telegram)? QSN Did you hear me (or...(call- I did hear you (or...(callsign)) sign)) on...kHz (or MHz)? on...kHz (or MHz). QSO Can you communicate with... I can communicate with...direct (or direct or by relay? by relay through...). QSP Will you relay to...free of I will relay to...free of charge. charge? QSQ Have you a doctor on board I have a doctor on board (or... (or is...(name of person) on (name of person) is on board). board)? QSR Shall I repeat the call on Repeat your call on the calling the calling frequency? frequency; did not hear you (or have interference). QSS What working frequency will I will use the working frequency you use? ...kHz (normally only the last three figures of the frequency need be given). QST -unassigned- QSU Shall I send or reply on this Send or reply on this frequency (or frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz) on...kHz (or MHz)) (with emission of (with emissions of class...)? class...). QSV Shall I send a series of V's Send a series of V's on this freq- on this frequency (or...kHz uency (or on...kHz (or MHz)). (or MHz))? QSW Will you send on this frequency I am going to send on this frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz)) (with (or on...kHz (or MHz)) (with emissions of class...? emissions of class...). QSX Will you listen to...(call- I am listening to...(callsign(s)) sign(s)) on...kHz (or MHz)? on...kHz (or MHz). QSY Shall I change to transmission Change to transmission on another on another frequency? frequency (or on...kHz (or MHz)). QSZ Shall I send each word or group Send each word or group twice (or... more than once? times). QTA Shall I cancel telegram Cancel telegram number... number...? QTB Do you agree with my counting I do not agree with your counting of of words? words; I will repeat the first letter or digit of each word or group. QTC How many telegrams have you to I have...telegrams for you (or send? for...). QTD What has the rescue vessel or ...(identification) has recovered... rescue aircraft recovered? 1) ...(number) survivors. 2) wreckage. 3) ...(number) bodies. QTE What is my TRUE bearing from Your TRUE bearing from me is... you? degrees (at...hours). or or What is my TRUE bearing from Your TRUE bearing from...(callsign) ...(callsign)? was...degrees (at...hours). or or What is the TRUE bearing of The TRUE bearing of...(callsign) ...(callsign) from...(call- from...(callsign) was...degrees sign)? at...hours. QTF Will give me the position of The position of your station my station according to the according to the bearings taken bearings taken by the D/F by the D/F stations which I control stations which you control? was...latitude...longitude (or other indication of position), class... at...hours. QTG Will you send two dashes of I am going to send two dashes of ten ten seconds each followed by seconds each followed by my callsign your callsign (repeated... (repeated...times) (on...kHz (or times) (on...kHz (or MHz))? MHz). or or Will you request...to send two I have requested...to send two dashes of ten seconds followed dashes of ten seconds followed by by his callsign (repeated... his callsign (repeated...times) on times) on...kHz (or MHz)? ...kHz (or MHz). QTH What is your position in My position is...latitude...longitude latitude and longitude (or (or according to any other according to any other indication). indication)? QTI What is your TRUE track? My TRUE track is...degrees. QTJ What is your speed? My speed is...knots (or kilometres or statute miles per hour). (Indicates the speed of a ship or aircraft through the water or air respectively). QTK What is the speed of your The speed of my aircraft in relation aircraft in relation to the to the surface of the earth is... surface of the earth? knots (or...kilometres or statute miles per hour). QTL What is your TRUE heading? My TRUE heading is...degrees. QTM What is your MAGNETIC heading? My MAGNETIC heading is...degrees. QTN At what time did you depart I departed from...(place) at... from...(place)? hours. QTO Are you airborne? I am airborne. or or Have you left dock (or port)? I have left dock (or port). QTP Are you going to alight (or I am going to alight (or land). land)? or or Are you going to enter dock I am going to enter dock (or port). (or port)? QTQ Can you communicate with my I am going to communciate with your station by means of the station by means of the international international code of signals? code of signals. QTR What is the correct time? The correct time is...hours. QTS Will you send your callsign I will send my callsign for tuning for tuning purposes or so purposes or so that my frequency may that your frequency can be be measured now (or at...hours) on... measured now (or at...hours) kHz (or MHz). on...kHz (or MHz)? QTT The identification signal which follows is superimposed on another transmission. QTU What are the hours during which My station is open from...to...hours. your station is open? QTV Shall I stand guard for you on Stand guard for me on the frequency the frequency of...kHz (or MHz) of...kHz (or MHz) (from...to... (from...to...hours)? hours). QTW What is the condition of Survivors are in...condition and survivors? urgently need... QTX Will you keep your station open I will keep my station open for for further communciation with further communcation with you me until further notice (or until further notice (or until... until...hours)? hours). QTY Are you proceeding to the I am proceeding to the position of position of incident and if so the incident and expect to arrive when do you expect to arrive? at...hours (on...date). QTZ Are you continuing the search? I am continuing the search for... (aircraft, ship, survival craft, survivors or wreckage). QUA Have you news of...(callsign)? Here is news of...(callsign). QUB Can you give me, in the Here is the information requested... following order, information concerning: the direction in degrees TRUE and speed of the surface wind; (The units used for speed and distances should be indicated), present weather, visibility, and amount, type and height of base of cloud above surface elevation at... (place of observation)? QUC What is the number (or other The number (or other indication) of indication) of the last the last message I received from you message you received from me (or from...(callsign) is... (or from...(callsign))? QUD Have you received the urgency I have received the urgency signal signal sent by...(callsign of sent by...(callsign of mobile mobile station)? station) at...hours. QUE Can you use telephony in... I can use telephony in...(language) (language), with interpreter on...kHz (or MHz). if necessary; if so, on what frequencies? QUF Have you received the distress I have received the distress signal signal sent by...(callsign of sent by...(callsign of mobile mobile station)? station) at...hours. QUG Will you be forced to alight I am forced to alight (or land) (or land)? immediately. or I will be forced to alight (or land) at...(position or place) at...hours. QUH Will you give me the present The present barometric pressure at barometric pressure at sea sea level is...(units). level? Aeronautical Note: Stations of the international aeronautical telecommunications service will interpret this signal as: What is the present atmospheric The present atmospheric pressure at pressure at... ...(place or position) at...hours (place or position)? is...(figures & units). QUI Are your navigation lights My navigation lights are working. working? QUJ Will you indicate the TRUE The TRUE track to reach me (or...) track to reach you (or...)? is...degrees at...hours. QUK Can you tell me the condition The sea at...(place of co-ordinates) of the sea observed at... is... (place or co-ordinates)? Aeronautical Note: Stations of the international aeronautical tele- communications service will complete the answer, information or advice form by the use of a numbered alternative as given hereunder, selected according to the average wave height as obtained from the larger well-formed waves of the wave system being observed. If observed height coincides with one of the limits, report the lower numbered alternative, e.g. waves with a mean maximum height of 4 metres are to be reported as "5". Height Number Metres Feet (approx) 0 Calm-glassy 0 0 1 Calm-rippled 0-0.1 0-1/3 2 Smooth wavelets 0.1-0.5 1/3-1 2/3 3 Slight 0.5-1.25 1 2/3-4 4 Moderate 1.25-2.5 4-8 5 Rough 2.5-4 8-13 6 Very rough 4-6 13-20 7 High 6-9 20-30 8 Very high 9-14 30-45 9 Phenomenal Over 14 Over 45 QUL Can you tell me the swell The swell at...(place or co-ordin- observed at...(place or ates) is... co-ordinates)? Aeronautical Note: Stations of the international aeronautical tele- communications service will complete the answer, information or advice form by the use of the following numbered alternatives: Number Length of Swell Height Number Length of Swell Height 0 - - 5 Long Moderate 1 Short or average Low 6 Short Heavy 2 Long Low 7 Average Heavy 3 Short Moderate 8 Long Heavy 4 Average Moderate 9 Confused - Additionally, stations of the international aeronautical telecommunication service may indicate the direction of swell by the use of the appropriate cardinal or quadrantal point abbreviation N, NE, E, SE, etc. following the numbered alternate for indicating swell condition. The descriptions in the above numbered alternatives are as follows: Length of Swell Metres Feet (approx) Short = 0-100 0-300 Average = 100-200 300-600 Long = Over 200 Over 600 Height of Swell Metres Feet (approx) Low = 0-2 0-7 Moderate = 2-4 7-13 Heavy = Over 4 Over 13 When there is no swell, the numbered alternative "0" is used; when the swell is such that the length and height of the swell waves cannot be determined, the numbered alternative "9" is used. QUM May I resume normal working? Normal working may be resumed. or or Is the distress traffic ended? The distress traffic is ended. QUN Will vessels in my immediate My position, TRUE course and vicinity (or in the vicinity speed are... of...latitude...longitude (or of...)) please indicate their position, TRUE course and speed? Aeronautical Notes: a) All stations of the international aeronautical telecommunication service will interpret this signal (in part) as referring to TRUE TRACK. b) English-speaking stations of the maritime mobile service may interpret this signal (in part) as referring to TRUE HEADING. When communicating with such stations it is recommended that supple- mentary use be made of the signal QTI to avoid any misunderstanding. QUO Shall I search for... Please search for... 1) aircraft, 1) aircraft, 2) ship, 2) ship, 3) survival craft, 3) survival craft in the vicinity of... in the vicinity of...latitude latitude...longitude (or ...longitude (or according to according to any other any other indication). indication)? QUP Will you indicate your My position is indicated by... position by... 1) searchlight. 1) searchlight? 2) black smoke trail. 2) black smoke trail? 3) pyrotechnic lights. 3) pyrotechnic lights? QUQ Shall I train my searchlight Please train your searchlight on a nearly vertical on a cloud, cloud, occulting if possible and, occulting if possible and, if my aircraft is seen or heard, if your aircraft is seen or deflect the beam up wind and on the heard, deflect the beam up water (or land) to facilitate my wind and on the water (or landing. land) to facilitate your landing? QUR Have survivors... Survivors... 1) received survival 1) are in possession of survival equipment? equipment dropped by... 2) been picked up by 2) have been picked up by rescue rescue vessel? vessel. 3) been reached by ground 3) have been reached by ground rescue party? rescue party. QUS Have you sighted survivors or Have sighted... wreckage? 1) survivors in water, If so, in what position? 2) survivors on rafts, 3) wreckage, in position...latitude...longitude (or according to any other indication). QUT Is position of incident Position of incident is marked by... marked? 1) flame or smoke float. 2) sea marker. 3) sea marker dye. 4) ...(specify other marking). QUU Shall I home ship or aircraft Home ship or aircraft...(callsign) to my position? ... 1) to your position by trans- mitting your callsign and long dashes on...kHz (or MHz). 2) by transmitting on...kHz (or MHz) TRUE track to reach you. QUV What is my MAGNETIC bearing Your MAGNETIC bearing from me from you (or from...)? (or from...) was...degrees at... (This signal, in general, hours. (This signal, in general, will not be used in the will not be used in the maritime maritime mobile service.) mobile service.) Aeronautical notes: a) When using QDL QUV procedure in the international aeronautical telecommunication service, completion of the "hours" blank space is not required. b) In communications between stations of the aeronautical mobile service the signal QDR will be used instead of QUV. QUW Are you in the search area I am in the...(designation) search designated as...(designator area. or latitude & longitude)? QUX Will you indicate the MAGNETIC The MAGNETIC course* for you to course* for me to steer towards steer to reach me (or...) with no you (or...) with no wind? wind was...degrees at...hours. (This signal, in general, hours. (This signal, in general, will not be used in the will not be used in the maritime maritime mobile service.) mobile service.) Aeronautical notes: a) All stations of the international aeronautical tele- communication service will interpret "course" as referring to "heading". b) When using QDL QUV procedure in the international aeronautical telecommunication service, completion of the "hours" blank space is not required. c) In communications between stations of the aeronautical mobile service the signal QDR will be used instead of QUV. QUY Is position of survival craft Position of survival craft was marked? marked at...hours by... 1) flame or smoke float. 2) sea marker. 3) sea marker dye. 4)....(specify other marking) QVA to QZZ The series QVA-QZZ inclusive has not been allocated to date Z-Signals Signal Question Answer, advice or order -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ZAA You are not observing proper circuit discipline. ZAB Your speed key is improperly adjusted. ZAC Cease using speed key. ZAD Your operating signal (made at ...) received as ... (1. Not understood 2. Not held.) ZAE I am unable to receive you. Receipt through... ZAF Will you patch me through I am about to patch you through to...(via you or...)? to...(via...)